September 18th, 323 - The Battle of Chrysopolis (or Scutari)

Conflict: Roman Civil Wars

Combatants: Romans (Constantine I) vs. Romans (Licinius)

Location: Turkey

Outcome: Constantine victory

In this final battle of the civil war, Licinius assembled 60,000 troops to meet the like-sized army of his fellow Roman, the Emperor Constantine I. Licinius' army was utterly defeated and the ambitious Roman fled the field only to surrender for execution the following year.

Constantine I by an unknown sculptor

Points of Interest:

• Licinius surrendered to Constantine and was executed in 325.

• Constantine I is most famous for issuing edicts of toleration for all religions (June 313) and later established Christianity as the official faith of the empire.

________________________________________________________________________________________________

Sources:

Dupuy, Trevor N., Johnson, Curt, & Bongard, David L. (1992). The Harper's Encyclopedia of Military Biography. New York: Castle Books (HarperCollins).

Dupuy, R. Ernest & Dupuy, Trevor N. (1993). The Harper's Encyclopedia of Military History. New York: HarperCollins.

Eggenberger, David (1985). An Encyclopedia of Battles: Accounts of Over 1,560 Battles from 1479 B.C. to the Present. New York: Dover Publications, Inc.